I have had a lot of questions from friends and colleagues in recent weeks about how does the President choose who gets on the Unites States Supreme Court. After all, there are so many judges out there, how can one choose? This flurry of questions is due to the President picking Justice Sonia Sotomeyer for a position on the high court.
Well, I really don’t think there is any exact formula or method. But, I do have a theory on factors that they use. For arguments sake I will assume Sonia Sotomayor is confirmed as the latest justice on the Supreme Court. Plus, just for fun,I will evaluate my own chances of getting on the high court.
Law School the Justice Attended:
The justices all attend ivy league law schools. These are the schools that everyone who want to be an attorney dreams about being accepted into but very few ever do. Why do people want to get into these schools? Because their graduates get good jobs. They get the premier law clerk positions or the six-figure salary as a new associate while graduates of other law school compete for every other job.
Plus, people just think their graduates are smarter. When one says, “I attended Harvard Law School” it simply sounds better than “I attended Joe Blow School of Law.” By the way, there is not really a “Joe Blow School of Law.” At least not that I know of.
Let us look at the justices on the Supreme Court and see where they went to law school
Justice Roberts-Harvard Law School
Justice Alito-Yale Law School
Justice Ginsberg-Columbia Law School [Transferred there from Harvard Law School]
Justice Kennedy-Harvard Law School
Justice Stevens-Northwestern University School of Law
Justice Scalia-Harvard Law School
Justice Thomas-Yale Law School
Justice Breyer-Harvard Law School
Justice Sotomayor-Yale Law School
As you can see they all went to ivy league law schools. Harvard and Yale appear to be the big ones if you want a position on the high court. Since I went to Thomas Cooley Law School, which was a perfectly good law school, it does appear that I will have a chance at a position on the high court.
Worked as a Law Professor
A majority of the justices have been professors at law schools. This makes sense because the justices are essentially intellectuals, more so than attorneys, and have to have a strong knowledge of the law.
Justice Roberts-Georgetown University Law Center
Justice Alito-Seton Hall University School of Law
Justice Ginsberg-Rutgers School of Law and Columbia Law School
Justice Kennedy-McGeorge School of Law, University of the Pacific
Justice Stevens-Not a professor but was a lecturer at University of Chicago School of Law and Northwestern University School of Law
Justice Scalia-University of Chicago School and Law and University of Virginia School of Law
Justice Thomas-Never was a professor
Justice Breyer-Harvard Law School
Justice Sotomayor-New York University School of Law and a lecturer at Columbia Law School
The only one who was not a professor was Justice Thomas. So, what are my chances? As of this writing I am not a law professor nor do I have any offers on the table. So my chances still are not good.
Age/Health
This is one of the key factors. No president is going to pick an older justice due to the concern that they will die quickly. Justices have such an influence on the law and legal precedent that the President wants them to serve for the longest period possible. Also, no President is going to appoint an individual who is unhealthy. Why appoint someone who is just going to die sooner rather than later?
The oldest member of the United States Supreme Court at appointment was Justice Ginsberg at age 60. Since I am only 33 and in good health I do have a slight advantage here.
Clean Closet
With the exception of Justice Thomas and the Anita Hill issue, all of the other justices really did not have any skeletons in their closets. With regards to myself, I will plead the 5th.
Judicial Views
This depends entirely on which party the President is affiliated with and whether the Senate majority is of the same party. For example, George Bush was able to get both Justices Roberts and Alito nominated easily due to have a Republican majority. Similarly, Obama will have an easy time getting Justice Sotomayor nominated due to there being a Democratic majority. Out of all of the factors I have listed, this one is the biggest. A President wants someone who will bend judicial precedent in accordance with his political views, whether they are liberal or conservative.
Serving as a Judge
This is an absolute must. The Senate has to be able to have evidence of how a nominee to the Supreme Court has ruled on various issues. There is no set time limit that they must have served as a justice but the longer the better.
Other Factors
Race and sex are often the key factors, along with judicial views. For instance, when Justice Clarence Thomas was nominated he was filing in the seat left by Justice Marshall, who was also an African-American. Now, surprisingly, President George Bush did not replace retiring Justice O’Conner with a woman. Additionally, race or sex can be a major issue if a President wants to add to his legacy. For example, President Obama will be the first President to appoint an Hispanic woman. Also, President Bill Clinton will be known for appointing the first Jewish woman onto the high court.
Therefore, that is my opinion based on years of watching people getting nominated on the Supreme Court. There is no exact reason why one person is selected over the other. There are many justices who are more than qualified to serve as justices. Often it is just luck and your political connections.
As for me, I have a better chance of winning the lottery than I ever do of serving on the high court. Oh well. It is their loss.